Yadda ake aiwatar da ajiyar makamashi na motocin wutar lantarki

The makamashi ajiya na Motocin wutar lantarkian fi samun su ta hanyar batura. Baturi shine na'urar da ke canza makamashin sinadarai zuwa makamashin lantarki, wanda aka fi sani da batirin lithium-ion.

Batura lithium-ion da ake amfani da su a cikin motocin wutar lantarki gabaɗaya sun ƙunshi sel masu yawa. Kowane tantanin halitta yana haɗe da mai rarrabawa wanda aka nannade da abubuwa masu kyau da mara kyau. Kayan cathode gabaɗaya yana amfani da oxides, irin su lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, da dai sauransu, kuma kayan lantarki mara kyau yana amfani da graphite.

Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na batirin lithium-ion ana iya raba shi zuwa matakai biyu: caji da caji. Lokacin yin caji, tushen wutar lantarki yana wucewa ta hanyar ingantaccen lantarki na baturi, yana haifar da ions lithium don yin motsi tsakanin ingantattun na'urori masu kyau da mara kyau. A wannan lokacin, lithium ions suna cirewa daga ingantacciyar wutar lantarki, ana jigilar su zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta hanyar ions da ke cikin electrolyte, kuma ana sanya su a cikin graphite na kayan lantarki mara kyau. A lokaci guda, ingantattun ions a cikin electrolyte a cikin baturi suma suna motsawa don kiyaye tsaka tsakin lantarki tsakanin na'urorin lantarki.

Lokacin da ake buƙatar makamashin lantarki da aka adana, halin yanzu yana shiga cikin na'urar daga mummunan electrode, kuma ions lithium suna motsawa akasin haka daga mummunan electrode zuwa cikin electrolyte tsakanin ingantattun na'urorin lantarki sannan su koma kayan lantarki mai kyau. A yayin wannan tsari, motsin ion lithium yana haifar da kwararar wutar lantarki kuma yana fitar da makamashin lantarki da aka adana.

Ma'ajiyar makamashin baturi na motocin wutan wayar hannu shima yana buƙatar yin la'akari da wasu mahimman alamomi, kamar ƙarfin baturi da ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin yana nufin makamashin lantarki wanda baturin lithium-ion zai iya adanawa da fitarwa, gabaɗaya ana aunawa a cikin awanni ampere (Ah). Wutar lantarki shine yuwuwar bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na batirin lithium-ion. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da wutar lantarki na DC, kamar 3.7V, 7.4V, da sauransu.

A cikin motocin lantarki ta hannu, don samun ingantaccen tanadin makamashi da fitarwa, ana kuma buƙatar tallafin tsarin sarrafa baturi (BMS). BMS wata na'ura ce da ke da alhakin kulawa da sarrafa fakitin baturi, wanda zai iya tabbatar da amincin baturin, tsawaita rayuwarsa da inganta ingantaccen makamashi.

BMS ya ƙunshi na'urori masu auna zafin jiki, na'urori na yanzu, na'urori masu auna wutar lantarki da kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Ana amfani da firikwensin zafin jiki don saka idanu zafin baturin baturi don guje wa zafi ko sanyi; Ana amfani da firikwensin na yanzu don gano caji da fitar da halin yanzu na fakitin baturi don tabbatar da cewa na yanzu yana cikin kewayon aminci; Ana amfani da firikwensin wutar lantarki don saka idanu akan ƙarfin baturin baturin don tabbatar da cewa ba a yi cajin ba Ko kuma ya wuce gona da iri. Guntun sarrafawa yana da alhakin tattara bayanan firikwensin da sarrafawa da sarrafa baturi ta hanyar algorithms.

Bugu da kari, don inganta ingancin ajiyar makamashi na batir lithium-ion, ana buƙatar ingantaccen sarrafa cajin baturi da fitarwa. Misali, ana iya amfani da caji akai-akai da cajin wutar lantarki akai-akai yayin caji, kuma ana iya daidaita wutar lantarki da wutar lantarki gwargwadon buƙatu yayin caji. Ta hanyar daidaita tsarin caji da fitarwa, za'a iya haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfin baturin kuma za'a iya tsawaita rayuwar sabis ɗin baturin.

Gabaɗaya magana, ana samun ajiyar makamashi na motocin lantarki ta hanyar batir lithium-ion. Waɗannan batura suna adana makamashin lantarki kuma su saki lokacin da ake buƙata. Ta hanyar goyan bayan tsarin sarrafa baturi, ana iya tabbatar da aminci da aikin baturin. A lokaci guda, ta haɓaka caji da sarrafawar fitarwa, ana iya inganta ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi kuma za'a iya ƙara tsawon rayuwar batir. Ci gaba da haɓakawa da haɓaka fasahar ajiyar makamashi za su ƙara haɓaka haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen wayar hannu