Chidule cha chidziwitso cha mphamvu ya mafuta a dizilo

Chidule chajenereta ya dizilokudziwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta

Kodi mphamvu yanthawi zonse yamafuta a seti ya jenereta ya dizilo ndi iti?

 

Pakukonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma seti a jenereta dizilo tsiku lililonse, kuthamanga kwamafuta ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri. Zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yamafuta ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito mkati mwa injini. Ndiye, kodi mphamvu yamafuta yamtundu wanji ya jenereta ya dizilo ndi yotani? Nkhaniyi ikupatsani mayankho atsatanetsatane.

 

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamafuta amafuta amtundu wa jenereta wa dizilo

 

Choyamba, tiyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino: kuchuluka kwamafuta amafuta kungakhale kosiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya seti ya jenereta ya dizilo. Koma nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yamafuta amitundu yambiri ya jenereta ya dizilo iyenera kusamalidwa mosiyanasiyana pakamagwira ntchito bwino.

 

Makamaka, pamene jenereta ya dizilo ikugwira ntchito bwino, mphamvu yake yamafuta iyenera kukhala pakati pa 600kPa ndi 1000kPa. Mtunduwu umakhazikitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zofunikira zokometsera za injini ya dizilo kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zonse zamkati mwa injiniyo ndizodzaza ndi kukhazikika.

 

Kuonjezera apo, ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kumayambiriro koyambitsa jenereta ya dizilo, mphamvu ya mafuta ikhoza kukhala yotsika pang'ono chifukwa mafuta sanatenthedwe ndi kufalitsidwa. Komabe, pamene kutentha kwa injini kumawonjezeka ndi mafuta akuzungulira, mphamvu ya mafuta imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndikukhazikika mkati mwazomwezo.

 

Kuweruza ndi kuthetsa mavuto azovuta zamafuta a injini ya dizilo

Chifukwa cha kuvala kwa magawo, kusonkhana kosayenera kapena zolakwika zina za injini ya mafuta, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kapena sipadzakhalanso kupanikizika; mafuta adzakhala okwera kwambiri kapena cholozera cha pressure gauge chidzagwedezeka. Chotsatira chake, chikhoza kuyambitsa ngozi pakugwiritsa ntchito makina omanga ndikupangitsa kutaya kosafunikira.

 

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: Kuweruza ndi kuthetsa mavuto a injini ya dizilo yolakwika: Ma injini a dizilo angayambitse kutsika kapena kusakhalapo kwa mafuta chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magawo, kusanja kosayenera kapena zolakwika zina; kuthamanga kwambiri kwamafuta kapena kusuntha kwa cholozera cha pressure gauge ndi zolakwika zina. Izi zingayambitse ngozi pakugwiritsa ntchito makina omanga ndi kutaya kosafunikira.

 

Ma injini a dizilo chifukwa cha kuvala kwa magawo, kusonkhana kosayenera kapena zolakwika zina kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala otsika kwambiri kapena opanda mphamvu; Kuthamanga kwamafuta kukhala kokwera kwambiri kapena cholozera choyezera kuti chigwedezeke, ndi zina zotero. Izi zingayambitse ngozi pakugwiritsa ntchito makina omanga ndi kutaya kosafunikira.

 

1. Kuthamanga kwamafuta kutsika kwambiri

Zikapezeka kuti kupanikizika komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kuwunika kwamafuta ndikotsika kuposa mtengo wamba (0.15-0.4 MPa), makinawo ayenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Mukadikirira kwa mphindi 3-5, chotsani choyikapo kuti muwone momwe mafuta a injini alili abwino komanso kuchuluka kwake. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta sikukwanira, onjezerani; ngati kukhuthala kwa mafuta a injini ndi kochepa, mlingo wa mafuta umakwera ndipo pali fungo la mafuta osaphika, zikutanthauza kuti mafuta amasakanikirana ndi mafuta; ngati mtundu wa mafuta ndi woyera wamkaka, zikutanthauza kuti mafutawo amasakanizidwa ndi madzi, ndipo ayenera kufufuzidwa. Yang'anani ndikuchotsa kutayikira kwamafuta kapena kutayikira kwamadzi, ndikusintha mafuta a injini ngati pakufunika kutero. Mafuta a injini akakwaniritsa zofunikira za injini ya dizilo yamtunduwu ndipo kuchuluka kwake kuli kokwanira, masulani pulagi yayikulu yamafuta ndikutembenuza crankshaft. Ngati pali mafuta ochulukirapo, zikhoza kukhala kuti chilolezo choyenerera cha chigawo chachikulu, kulumikiza ndodo, kunyamula camshaft, etc. , kunyamula chilolezo chiyenera kufufuzidwa ndi kusinthidwa; ngati mafuta atuluka pang'ono, zitha kukhala kuti fyuluta yowoneka bwino yatsekeka, valavu yoletsa kuthamanga ikutulutsa mafuta, kapena imasinthidwa molakwika. Panthawiyi, fyuluta yowoneka bwino iyenera kutsukidwa kapena valavu yolepheretsa kupanikizika iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusinthidwa. Kusintha kwa valve yochepetsera kuthamanga kuyenera kuchitidwa pa benchi yoyesera, ndipo kawirikawiri sikuloledwa kusinthidwa mwakufuna. Kuonjezera apo, ngati pampu ya mafuta yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kapena chisindikizo chawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pampu ya mafuta isapope mafuta, imapangitsanso kuti mafuta azikhala ochepa kwambiri. Panthawiyi, mpope wamafuta umayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kukonzedwa. Ngati palibe zolakwika pambuyo powunika pamwambapa, zikutanthauza kuti choyezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta sichikuyenda bwino, ndipo choyezera chatsopano chamafuta chiyenera kusinthidwa.

 

2. Palibe kuthamanga kwa mafuta

Pakugwira ntchito kwamakina omanga, ngati chowunikira chamafuta chikayaka ndipo cholozera chamafuta chikulozera ku 0, makinawo amayenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuzimitsa. Kenako, fufuzani ngati chitoliro chamafuta chikutulutsa mafuta ambiri chifukwa cha kuphulika mwadzidzidzi; ngati kunja kwa injini kulibe kutayikira kwamafuta ambiri, masulani cholumikizira cha chitoliro cha geji yoyezera kuthamanga kwamafuta. Ngati mafuta atuluka mwachangu, choyezera chamafuta chimawonongeka. Popeza fyuluta yamafuta imayikidwa pa cylinder block, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi pepala. Ngati mapepala a mapepala aikidwa molakwika kapena bowo lolowetsa mafuta likugwirizanitsidwa ndi dzenje la mafuta a dziko, mafuta sangathe kulowa mu gawo lalikulu la mafuta. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri. Izi ndizowopsa makamaka kwa injini za dizilo zomwe zangosinthidwa kumene. Ngati palibe cholakwika chomwe chimapezeka kudzera mukuwunika pamwambapa, zikutanthauza kuti cholakwikacho chikhoza kukhala pampopi yamafuta, ndipo pampu yamafuta iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikukonzedwa.

 

3. Kuthamanga kwamafuta kwambiri

M'nyengo yozizira, mudzapeza kuti kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumakhala kwakukulu mutangoyamba injini ya dizilo. Pambuyo pakuwotcha, kuthamanga kwamafuta kumatsika mpaka pamtengo wabwinobwino. Ngati mtengo womwe wasonyezedwa wa geji yopimira mafuta umaposa mtengo wamba, valavu yoletsa kupanikizika iyenera kusinthidwa kuti ikwaniritse mtengo womwe watchulidwa. Pambuyo poyesa kuyesa, ngati kuthamanga kwa mafuta kudakali kwakukulu, muyenera kuyang'ana kalasi ya mafuta kuti muwone ngati kukhuthala kwa mafuta ndikwambiri; ngati kukhuthala kwamafuta sikuli kokwera, ngalande yamafuta opaka mafuta imatha kutsekeka, ndipo dizilo yoyera iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa. Popeza dizilo alibe mafuta kondomu, mungagwiritse ntchito sitata kutembenuza crankshaft kwa mphindi 3-4 pa kuyeretsa (chidziwitso, musayambe injini). Ngati injini iyenera kuyambitsidwa kuyeretsa, 2/3 mafuta ochapira ndi 1/3 mafuta a injini akhoza kusakanikirana ndikutsukidwa, ndipo nthawiyo sayenera kupitirira mphindi zitatu.

 

4. Sino yoyezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta imayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo

 

Mukayamba injini ya dizilo, ngati muwona kuti cholozera chamafuta amafuta chikuzungulira mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, muyenera kutulutsa kaye dipstick kuti muwone ngati mafuta a injiniyo akukwanira. Ngati ndizosakwanira, onjezerani mafuta a injini oyenerera malinga ndi muyezo; ngati mafuta a injini ndi okwanira, yang'anani valavu yodutsa. Ngati kasupe wa valavu yodutsayo ndi wopunduka kapena alibe elasticity yokwanira, kasupe wa valve yodutsa ayenera kusinthidwa; ngati valavu yodutsa sichitsekedwa mwamphamvu, valve yodutsa iyenera kukonzedwa.

 

Momwe mungathetsere kuthamanga kwamafuta ochepa a jenereta ya dizilo

Kuwunika zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwamafuta amafuta:

①Kuyeza kuthamanga kwamafuta sikulondola ndipo sensor ndiyolakwika.

 

② Ngati dizilo kapena madzi alowa mumafuta a injini, kukhuthala kwake ndikotsika kwambiri.

 

③Vavu yowongolera kuthamanga imasinthidwa molakwika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta achuluke.

 

④Sefa yamafuta yomwe yangophatikizidwa kumene simakwaniritsa zofunikira.

 

⑤Sefa yamafuta imakhala ndi dothi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asayende bwino.

 

⑥Pali mafuta ochepa kwambiri mu poto yamafuta ndipo sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuyenda kwamafuta.

 

⑦ Chosefera choyamwa mafuta poto kapena chozizira chimakhala chotsekeka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutentha kwamkati kuti zisathe, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwamafuta kukhala kwakukulu.

 

⑧ Mipata pama bere akuluakulu, zolumikizira ndodo ndi malo ena opaka mafuta m'thupi ndiakulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azichulukira komanso kutsika kwamafuta.

 

Cholakwika chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zili pamwambapa zitha kupangitsa kuti kutsika kwamafuta kuchepe injini ya dizilo ikayamba.

Njira zochepetsera kuthamanga kwamafuta ochepa:

 

Pothetsa vuto la mtundu wotere, ogwira ntchito yosamalira kapena oyendetsa ayenera kumvetsetsa mfundo zogwirira ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka chigawo chilichonse cha mapaipi amafuta a injini ya dizilo ndi mpope wamafuta.

 

① Tulutsani choyikapo chamafuta mu poto yamafuta a dizilo ndikuwunika momwe mafuta alili, koma palibe kuwonda kwamafuta komwe kumapezeka (kutha kudziwika ndi chida choyesera kapena pepala loyesera).

 

② Sinthani valavu yochepetsera mafuta, koma mosasamala kanthu momwe mungasinthire kuthamanga kwamafuta, sikungawonjezeke, ndipo sikungakwaniritse zofunikira zamafuta ochepa pomwe injini ya dizilo ikuyenda.

 

③Sinthani choyezera chamafuta ndi sensa ndi mtundu womwewo, yambitsani injini ya dizilo kuti ifike pa liwiro lachabechabe ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono pa liwiro lovotera. Zikuoneka kuti kuwonetsera kwa gauge ya kuthamanga kwa mafuta sikukukwaniritsa zofunikira.

 

④Sungani mafuta muchosungira chamafuta, tsegulani chivundikiro cham'mbali mwa injini, ndikuyang'ana fyuluta ya poto yoyamwa mafuta. Zimapezeka kuti 9/10 ya fyuluta ya poto yoyamwa mafuta yatsekedwa. Chotsani zinyalala zomwe zatulutsidwa pa fyuluta,

Sonkhanitsani fyuluta ndi chivundikiro cham'mbali mwa injini, onjezani mafuta a injini, yambitsani injini ya dizilo pa liwiro lovotera, ndipo mphamvu yamafuta ikabwerera mwakale, vutolo limathetsedwa.

 

Momwe mungasungire kuthamanga kwamafuta abwinobwino

 

Sinthani mafuta a injini ndi fyuluta yamafuta pafupipafupi

 

Kusintha kwanthawi zonse kwamafuta ndi zosefera ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwamafuta. Nthawi zambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo mwa jenereta dizilo malinga ndi kuzungulira analimbikitsa ndi wopanga dizilo jenereta kuonetsetsa ukhondo ndi kondomu ntchito mafuta injini.

 

2 Nthawi zonse fufuzani mizere yamafuta ndi zosindikizira

 

Onetsetsani nthawi zonse ngati mapaipi amafuta ndi zosindikizira zili bwino. Ngati pali kuwonongeka kapena kutayikira, konzani kapena sinthani nthawi yake kuti mupewe kuthamanga kwamafuta.

 

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera ma jenereta a dizilo

 

Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera ma jenereta a dizilo ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwamafuta. Pewani njira zosayenera zogwirira ntchito monga kunyamula katundu kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuyamba pafupipafupi ndikuyimitsa kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa injini.

Kodi kusintha kwa mafuta mu jenereta ya dizilo ndi chiyani ndipo kumagwira ntchito bwanji?

 

Kusintha kwamphamvu kwamafuta, monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, kumayang'anira kuthamanga kwamafuta a injini ya dizilo. Kusinthaku kumatha kupezeka pa chipika cha injini ndipo kumapezeka m'zigawo ziwiri - kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa.

 

Mafuta akakhala otsika, amatha kupezeka kuti chosinthiracho chimatsekedwa pansi pamene chikulephera. Kumbali inayi, ngati kuthamanga kwa mafuta kuli kopitilira muyeso wocheperako, kusinthaku kumatseguka.

 

Zofunikira zochepa za mphamvu yamafuta zomwe injini ya dizilo iyenera kuzimitsa zimatsimikiziridwa ndikukhazikitsidwa ndi wopanga injini kuti zithandizire kupewa zovuta zilizonse kapena kulephera kowopsa kwa injini ya dizilo.

 

Kodi mukudziwa? Nthawi zambiri, ndi wopanga injini ya dizilo yemwe amapereka chosinthira chamafuta.

 

Kuthamanga kwa mafuta - Kugwiritsa ntchito

 

Nthawi zambiri, chosinthira chamafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti injini ya dizilo sikuyenda isanayambe. Apa, kusinthaku kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika, komwe kumakhazikitsidwa. Othandizira ayang'ane kuti chosinthira chili pamalo opumira asanayambe injini kuti asagwiritse ntchito injini yoyambira injiniyo ikayamba kale kugwira ntchito, chifukwa izi zitha kuyambitsa kulephera koyambitsa.

 

Apanso, sensor yamafuta amafuta imachulukitsanso ngati actuator. Apa, mphamvu yamafuta mu injini ya dizilo ikatsikira pansi pamlingo wofunikira kwambiri, imayatsa nyali yochenjeza yamafuta pa dashboard. Chizindikiro chanthawi yake chochokera ku geji yamafuta amafuta chimathandiza kupewa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa injini.

 

Ngakhale zingasiyane kutengera momwe injini yonse imapangidwira, sensor yamphamvu yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala pamalo wamba, monga cylinder block ya injini kapena nyumba yopangira mafuta. Nthawi zina, choyezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chikhoza kupezeka pamutu wa injini.

 

Mfundo yogwira ntchito yosinthira mafuta

 

Nthawi zambiri, masensa amphamvu amafuta amagwira ntchito kudzera pa diaphragm yokhazikika, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti diaphragm yosunthika yokhala ndi katsitsi. Udindo wa diaphragm iyi ndi zotsatira zachindunji za kukakamizidwa komwe kumaperekedwa pa izo, ndichifukwa chake jenereta iliyonse ya dizilo OEM imapatsa mphamvu yamafuta ku injini iliyonse, nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 3.5 mpaka 11 psi.

Kuthamanga kwa mafuta kukakhala pansi pamtengo wovuta kwambiri, sensa ya mafuta imayambitsa kuwala kochenjeza kapena kungobwezera chizindikiro ku ECU. Izi zimathandiza kuchenjeza wogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yake kuti apewe kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa injini.

 

Posinthana ndi kulumikizana komwe kumatseguka, kukhudzanako kumatsegulidwa pomwe kuthamanga kwamafuta mu injini kukafika pamlingo wofunikira. Izi zimathandizira kusuntha kwa diaphragm, kupangitsa kuti olumikizanawo azilumikizana palimodzi, ndikuyika chosinthira pamalo ozimitsa.

 

Kumbali inayi, posinthana ndi kulumikizidwa komwe kumatsekedwa, kukhudzanako kumathetsedwa pomwe kukakamiza kwamafuta mu injini kukafika pamlingo wofunikira. Izi zimathandizira kusuntha kwa diaphragm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti olumikizidwa kale atsegulidwe palimodzi, motero amayika chosinthira pamalo otseguka.

 

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi kuthamanga kwamafuta, mtundu wa injini, mphamvu, ndi zomangamanga zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera wopanga komanso zosowa za injini yomwe ikugwirizana nayo.

 

Njira zodziwira komanso kuyesa kusintha kwamafuta amafuta

 

Mlandu 1 - Sinthani ndi kulumikizana komwe kumatseguka

 

Pankhaniyi, fufuzani ngati pali dera lotseguka pakati pa ojambula pamene injini sikuyenda.

 

Kenako, fufuzani dera lalifupi (kupitilira) pakati pa olumikizana pomwe injini ikuyenda.

 

Pomaliza, mapini, ma terminals, ndi mawaya amayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti apitilizebe komanso momwe alili.

 

Mlandu 2 - Kusinthana ndi omwe amatsekedwa nthawi zonse

 

Pankhaniyi, fufuzani ngati pali dera lalifupi (kupitiriza) pakati pa ojambula pamene injini sikuyenda.

 

Chotsatira, tcheru chiyenera kulipidwa ngati pali dera lotseguka pakati pa ojambula pamene injini ikuyenda.

 

Pomaliza, mapini, ma terminals, ndi mawaya ayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti apitilizebe komanso momwe alili.

 

Gwiritsani ntchito multimeter kuyesa kusintha kwamafuta

 

Kuti muyese chosinthira chamafuta pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:

 

Choyamba chotsani cholumikizira ku cholumikizira chamafuta ndikuwunika kulumikizana pakati pa zolumikizira. Ngati kusinthako kuli ndi zikhomo ziwiri, chekecho chiyenera kukhala pakati pa zikhomo. Ngati chosinthira chili ndi pini imodzi yokha, cheke iyenera kukhala pakati pa pini ndi misa (yoyipa).

 

Chosinthira choyatsira sichinayatsidwe, kuwerengera kwa ma multimeter kuyenera kukhala kosakwanira (malumikizidwe otseguka - otsekedwa) kwa ma switch omwe amakhala otseguka, ndi infinity kwa ma switch omwe amakhala otsekedwa nthawi zambiri. Zero (wolumikizana nawo - ON).

Injini ikathamanga, kukana kuwerengera kwa multimeter kuyenera kukhala ziro kwa masiwichi omwe amakhala otseguka (olumikizana olumikizidwa - olumikizidwa) ndi infinity kwa masiwichi omwe amakhala otsekedwa (olumikizana otsekedwa - otsekedwa).

 

Komabe, musade nkhawa kwambiri ndi mbali iyi, makamaka ngati mutagula jenereta ya dizilo ku Alibaba, yomwe idzawonetsetse kuti jenereta ya dizilo yayang'aniridwa mozama ndikuyesa kuti muwonetsetse kuti jenereta ya dizilo ilibe vuto isanaperekedwe. kukhazikitsa.

 

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi pakusintha kwamafuta amafuta

Kodi njira yowonera kusintha kwamafuta ndi chiyani?

 

Imodzi mwa njira zosavuta zoyesera chosinthira chamafuta ndikulumikiza ma multimeter pakati pa mapini ndi thupi la transmitter. Chosinthiracho chiyenera kukhala chozimitsa injini ikazima ndi kuyatsa injini ikugwira ntchito.

 

Mwachidule, yachibadwa osiyanasiyanajenereta ya dizilokuthamanga kwamafuta ndikofunikira kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito. Poyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikusamalira makina amafuta, titha kuwonetsetsa kuti jenereta yanu ya dizilo imakhala yabwino nthawi zonse.