Nigute kubika ingufu zibinyabiziga bigendanwa bishyirwa mubikorwa

Kubika ingufu za ibinyabiziga bigendanwabigaragarira cyane cyane muri bateri. Batare ni igikoresho gihindura ingufu za chimique ingufu zamashanyarazi, izisanzwe muri zo ni batiri ya lithium-ion.

Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ikoreshwa mu binyabiziga bigendanwa bigendanwa muri rusange igizwe na selile nyinshi. Buri selile ihujwe numutandukanya uzengurutswe nibikoresho byiza kandi bibi. Ibikoresho bya cathode muri rusange bikoresha oxyde, nka lithium cobalt oxyde, lithium manganate, nibindi, nibikoresho bibi bya electrode bisanzwe bikoresha grafite.

Uburyo bwo kubika ingufu za bateri ya lithium-ion irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: kwishyuza no gusohora. Iyo kwishyuza, isoko yamashanyarazi inyuza amashanyarazi binyuze muri electrode nziza ya bateri, bigatuma ioni ya lithium ihindagurika hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi. Muri iki gihe, lithium ion itandukana na electrode nziza, ijyanwa kuri electrode mbi binyuze muri ion muri electrolyte, kandi igashyirwa muri grafite yibikoresho bya electrode mbi. Muri icyo gihe, ion nziza muri electrolyte muri bateri nayo igenda kugirango ibungabunge amashanyarazi hagati ya electrode.

Iyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zabitswe zikenewe, ikigezweho cyinjira mubikoresho bivuye kuri electrode mbi, hanyuma ioni ya lithium ikagenda ihindagurika ikava kuri electrode mbi ikinjira muri electrolyte hagati ya electrode nziza hanyuma igasubira mubintu byiza bya electrode. Muri iki gikorwa, kugenda kwa lithium ion bitera umuvuduko wamashanyarazi kandi ikarekura ingufu zamashanyarazi zabitswe.

Kubika ingufu za batiri yimodoka zigendanwa nazo zigomba gusuzuma bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi, nkubushobozi bwa bateri na voltage. Ubushobozi bivuga ingufu z'amashanyarazi bateri ya lithium-ion ishobora kubika no kurekura, mubisanzwe bipimwa mumasaha ya ampere (Ah). Umuvuduko ni itandukaniro rishobora kuba ingufu za mashanyarazi ya lithium-ion. Mubisanzwe, ingufu za DC zikoreshwa, nka 3.7V, 7.4V, nibindi.

Mu binyabiziga bigendanwa, kugirango bigerweho neza kubika no gusohora ingufu, hakenewe kandi sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS). BMS ni igikoresho gishinzwe gukurikirana no gucunga paki ya batiri, ishobora kurinda umutekano wa bateri, ikongerera ubuzima no kuzamura ingufu.

BMS ikubiyemo cyane ibyuma byubushyuhe, ibyuma byubu, ibyuma bya voltage hamwe na chip yo kugenzura. Ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mugukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa paki ya batiri kugirango wirinde gushyuha cyangwa gukonja cyane; sensor iriho ubu ikoreshwa mugushakisha amafaranga no gusohora amashanyarazi ya bateri kugirango tumenye neza ko ikigezweho kiri mumutekano muke; sensor ya voltage ikoreshwa mugukurikirana voltage yumupaki wa batiri kugirango barebe ko itarengeje urugero Cyangwa yarenze. Igenzura rya chip ishinzwe gukusanya amakuru ya sensor no gucunga no kugenzura bateri binyuze muri algorithm.

Byongeye kandi, kugirango tunonosore ingufu zo kubika ingufu za bateri ya lithium-ion, birasabwa kandi kugenzura neza amafaranga ya batiri no gusohora. Kurugero, guhora kwishyuza hamwe no guhora voltage yumuriro birashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza, kandi amashanyarazi na voltage birashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibikenewe mugihe cyo gusohora. Mugucunga neza uburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora, imbaraga zo guhindura ingufu za bateri zirashobora kwiyongera kandi ubuzima bwa bateri burashobora kongerwa.

Muri rusange, kubika ingufu zibinyabiziga bigendanwa bigerwaho hifashishijwe bateri ya lithium-ion. Izi bateri zibika ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikarekura igihe bikenewe. Binyuze mu nkunga ya sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, umutekano n'imikorere ya batiri birashobora kwizerwa. Muri icyo gihe, mugutezimbere amafaranga no kugenzura ibicuruzwa, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu burashobora kunozwa kandi ubuzima bwa bateri burashobora kongerwa. Iterambere rihoraho no guhanga udushya twububiko bwingufu bizarushaho guteza imbere iterambere nogukoresha mobile